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i think there are three themes revealed in the novel great expectations.
1.women are fragile. that is not because those women are in lack of will, but that they need surviving abilities and that of self-survival and struggle against destiny. they always turn to men. that can be called “hero saving the beauty”. this notion originated in the greek tales but is still adopted successively. the only difference between them lies in the plot and structure. estella is adopted and trained to break men?s hearts by miss havisham. havisham revenges men and marries estella to an unworthy guy though pip deeply loves estella. nothing can be bitterer than see his lover married to another guy for a man. pip really fell into the despair of losing estella. however, estella suffers a lot and begins to regret for her initial choice for her spouse and begins to treasure
2.facing destiny, women are physically and intellectually inferior to men. actually it does not mean they have an inferior intelligence, but that it seems so. or we can say that both men and women have the same potential of intelligence, but women never show a lot. god creates everyone equally, but not everyone is granted the same approaches to success or achievements. women are restricted to families, which restricts
them from showing a lot. they can cook food well, which is one standard for their excellence but not the one for male. the novel goes this way since it implies the male consciousness. the ordinary intelligence of women in marriage and love is exposed completely. havisham is abandoned on her wedding day, but she keeps the room like the day she got married, while on the other hand she tries every means to revenge men. bearing these two conflictive thoughts in mind, havisham certainly fails to live her own life out of the control or influence from male.
3.the discipline for women ]. a feminist de bufuwa says: “one is called woman because she is ?made? not ?born?.” culturally woman is the product of society and the result of its strict restrictions. those women who do not obey the disciplines are not regarded as gracious or good women by social criteria, which emphasizes on families, the responsibilities for their husbands and their dependence on men. in great expectations, estella and havisham?s misfortunes are closely attached to love and marriage. they try to revenge men and but they cannot leave men. estella leaves pip, but at last she comes back to him. and havisham keeps thinking about her marriage day and her husband. so in dickens?s novel, women are decent on surface, but failed in heart.
every period has an outstanding feature, which make descendants linger in mind. to learn this novel can help us in understanding better women?s efforts to stand up. society presses public to believe that male
plays a dominant role. havisham can symbolize a feminist but what then? she needs a male accompany. her ending somewhat is tragic but estella harvests through a long time, but anyway she wins in depending man and leading a pleasant life.
the necklace: reflections and confessions of human’s vanity
“what would have happened if she hadn’t lost that necklace? who knows? who knows? how strange and changeful is life! how small a thing is needed to make or ruin us!” this is what impressed me most in “the necklace” written by guy de maupassant. i love the story not only due to the incredibly wonderful ending, but also because of the exquisite description of the weakness of humanity.
in his story, guy de maupassant creatively reveals mathilde loisels dreams of a wealthy, splendid lifestyle. mathildes lifetime of misery and despair is solely caused by her own selfish acts. and her vain obsession all ended up ruining her life.
vanity is defined as excessive pride, especially in your appearance. in mathildes case, the "excessive pride" in her looks and charm caused her to feel as if she deserved a higher ranking social class and the wealth. when she wore the necklace to the party, she wanted to give the illusion that she was something that she was not. vanity caused mathilde to fantasize about her life and surroundings-to live in a world of illusion, rather than reality.
the story is mainly about the beautiful mathilde, but because he was poor, he could not marry a good family. finally he married a small clerk in the ministry of education. mathilde later borrowed a diamond necklace from a friend in order to show his presence in a department dance. however, after the misunderstanding came back, i found the necklace missing. so, in order to redeem the necklace, mathilde spent ten years of youth and effort, but finally realized that the necklace was actually a fake.
poor marty! just for a diamond necklace, she gave her ten years of youth. ten years later, she was no longer young and beautiful anymore. in maupassants words, she lost the only capital to be a lady. she sacrificed her youth for this diamond necklace. in fact, in other words, she does not have to pity her. her excessive vanity leads her to taste the bitter fruit of fate. but what is gratifying is that mathilde came to maturity after all the hardships.
after reading the story, everyone might think that all the evil results were caused by the vain love of rosse wahl, so she was not worth the pitiful, even a bit of mockery in the laughter. but, the mind slowly fluttered out a question: what was the power of a delicate and delicate woman who would choose to repay the road? they had no hesitation, and they quietly chose a thorny way of life to walk each day with their lips. hard labor and life drew back her unrealistic fantasies from the clouds to the solid ground. at this point i could not help but applaud rosa wahl.
at this time, in my mind, when rosse wahl told his friend ten years later to confess that the necklace was the other one, she had a smile of pride and innocence. perhaps this was the most beautiful smile in the world. although luo sewalls appearance had not been bought in the year, she had a self at this time. respecting the noble spirit. in the balance of beauty and personality, she did not hesitate at all, and said decisively, "return!"
after the necklace is lost, the two codes of youthful beauty and dignity are placed on the balance of life, forcing her to make a choice. she decided to give up her youth and choose dignity. the most important moment in life is to learn to give up and give up is also a kind of beauty. so is it very small for her to "destroy" her or to fulfill her? at first, mathilde was captured by a strong and fearful vanity. later, she made a surprising decision without hesitation. finally, when she met her friend who was still young and beautiful, when she learned the truth about the fake necklace, she had a bright and innocent smile on her face. the smile was her confidence and pride.
the novels thought-provoking part is that we have seen a heart of gold in a dirty, false, worship society, a lotus flower that is not dyed with mud. unfortunately, mathilde was unfortunate that she was unfortunate to add trouble to what she couldnt get, and she was a lucky man, the cruel reality made her sober, life was not just the illusion of the fog, but more step by step.
guy de maupassant was the child of an unhappy marriage. his mother has been dessccrriibbeedd as neurotic and his father as a man who sought relief from his wife in the arms of other women. perhaps the collapse of his parents marriage engendered de maupassants pessimism, reflected particularly in his stories about infidelity and failed relationships. it certainly influenced his own attitude toward women, which, in turn, affected his creation of characters in stories such as "the necklace."
events in history at the time of the short story
the purpose of women. de maupassants attitude toward women was ambivalent. he was one of few nineteenth-century authors to recognize and celebrate womens sensuality rather than regard it as a sign of corruption. he was also, however, devastatingly cruel to women, whether in his own life or in his fiction. he recommended that the french academy commission a treatise on how to "break decently, properly, politely, without noise, scene or violence, with a woman who adores you and with whom you are fed up" (de maupassant in steegmuller, p. 178),he scoffed at monogamy, insisting that he could not understand how two women could not be better than one, three better than two, and ten better than three.
once upon a time, i had a great desire to live in luxury, to attract peoples attention, to be a perfect person. i can safely say that what i want to have is probably what mathilde wants to have...
mathilde yearns for a life of luxury because of his inner emptiness...
then i? am i just as empty?
i think i should also learn to accept things that are not perfect. how time flies, time flies, i do not know how much time because to care about a little bit of fundamentally insignificant deficiencies and pass, why let oneself live so heavy......
ha ha... actually, since i went to high school, especially since this winter vacation, i have been very open about everything... for feelings this kind of thing, still early, too often far, still in line with the principle of low-key treatment, so as not to leave their regret, or an impulse to make their own regret decision ah. the study, also so return a responsibility, try to do not regret, what should look like what look like, also have no regret.
in the world of mortals, there are too many vacant infatuation chase. believe in your path.
class one student no.10 name: anna wang great expectation was written by charles dickens (1812-1870), one of the most popular writers of all the time, who created some of the best-known characters in english literature. great expectation is similar to david copperfield in that it is the story of a boy growing up.
pip has lost his parents when he was fifteen years old. he was brought up by his sister and her husband--joe gargery, a blacksmith who takes pip on as an apprentice, teaches him his trade and makes friends with him. one day before christmas, when pip went to the churchyard where his parents were buried, he met an escaping convict-- abel magwitch. pip brought cakes for the hungry man, which touched abel deeply, although he was caught by police. after the christmas, pip was invited to play with estella, a beautiful girl adopted by miss havisham. miss havisham was the richest man in the village. but she was very strange. she was dressed a bridal veil all the whole life after her fiancé left her at the wedding day, taking her a large amount of property. so she lived in the revenge and hated all the men. she treated estella as a tool to take revenge on all man. when pip met estella, he loved her, so did estella. but estella knew she was just a tool to carry out the revenge plan of miss havisham, so she pretended to be proud, indifferent and look down upon pip- a relative of a poor blacksmith, which broke pip’s heart. as a consequence, pip was determined to become a real gentleman who is in possession of money, good manners, luxurious life and a great expectation for estella’s sake. under the help of a stranger who donated a lot of money to him, pip left joe and the village, and went to london to live a luxurious life to learn to how to become a real gentleman. pip started to waste money, look down upon other poor people, even including joe, his brother-in-law and best friend! gradually, pip lost himself in the whirlpool of money, although he has had a large number of debts. as the same time, estella has become more and more beautiful, graceful and brilliant. she walked in the crowd of men and married one of them as the miss havisham’s wish, which really tore pip into pieces. and, as the same time, the mysterious benefactor of pip came out. he is abel- the escaping convict whom pip has helped. when he escaped from the prison again, he earned much money and wanted to pay back pip in that way. but abel soon was caught by police and died. the properties he gave to pip
also were confiscated by police. pip fell from the heaven to hell. he couldn’t stand it. as a result, he had a serious ill.
after receiving a letter describing the bad situation of pip, joe came to london to look after pip in spite of the bad attitude pip ever towards him. after recovering, pip realized his wrong. he decided to be a gentleman by his own endeavor. so he came back to the small village and spared no efforts to make business with his friend--herbert. several years later, pip met estella again at the old house of miss havisham. after knowing her husband has died and the real reason why estella didn’t choose him before, pip made a proposal to her. at last, the two lovers were in together and pip found his real great expectation at the end.
when i finished reading the novel, i also take consideration to the question “what a real great expectation is?” in my opinion, great expectation not means money, luxurious life provided by others, even the benefactors are your parents. it is our own dreams that we want to realize by our own efforts. great expectation may be the further study, a respectable degree, a good job, a warm family or something else. but we must know that our future and great expectation must be mastered by our own. we should working for them, fighting for them, even dying for them, whatever. only when we got what we want by our own endeavor, can we say we have had a great expectation.
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